{"id":26304,"date":"2026-05-06T15:06:34","date_gmt":"2026-05-06T13:06:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cienciagandia.webs.upv.es\/?p=26304"},"modified":"2026-05-06T15:15:59","modified_gmt":"2026-05-06T13:15:59","slug":"no-puc-mes-amb-tant-de-soroll-un-enemic-invisible-per-a-xiquets-i-xiquetes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cienciagandia.webs.upv.es\/ca\/2026\/05\/no-puc-mes-amb-tant-de-soroll-un-enemic-invisible-per-a-xiquets-i-xiquetes\/","title":{"rendered":"No puc m\u00e9s amb tant de soroll! Un enemic invisible per a xiquets i\u00a0xiquetes"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

L’alimentaci\u00f3 saludable, la roba adequada, el control de l\u2019\u00fas de les tecnologies, la protecci\u00f3 davant de l’agressi\u00f3 solar. Les mares i els pares sempre estem preocupats per les nostres xiquetes i els nostres xiquets. Malgrat aix\u00f2, encara hi ha enemics invisibles, com el soroll, del que no som tant conscients. Aix\u00f2 fa que no pensem en les seues conseq\u00fc\u00e8ncies. Per\u00f2 s\u00ed que n\u2019hi ha.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Recentment, l\u2019Ag\u00e8ncia Europea de Medi Ambient (EEA) ha publicat un informe que adverteix<\/a> que m\u00e9s de 500 000 xiquets i xiquetes a Europa presenten dificultats de lectura a causa del soroll del tr\u00e0nsit (cotxes, trens i avions) i que al voltant de 60 000 mostren problemes de comportament relacionats amb aquesta exposici\u00f3 cont\u00ednua al soroll.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A Espanya<\/a> s\u00f3n prop de 80 000 en l’afectaci\u00f3 lectora i 9 000 en el comportament, sobretot en entorn urbans i a causa del tr\u00e0nsit rodat, majorit\u00e0riament. Les xifres, realment, s\u00f3n majors, ja que sols s\u2019ha estudiat una part de les infraestructures europees.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aprendre a llegir amb soroll\u2026 i tamb\u00e9 a comportar-se<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Per qu\u00e8 el soroll ambiental afecta  la capacitat lectora? Llegir \u00e9s una activitat que necessita mantindre l\u2019atenci\u00f3, entendre, recordar i no perdre el fil. Si el soroll \u00e9s constant provoca que la xiqueta o el xiquet es distraga i haja de tornar a comen\u00e7ar. Aix\u00f2 genera tamb\u00e9 un sobreesfor\u00e7 al seu cervell. Si a m\u00e9s parlem d’infants molt menuts, \u00e9s necessari que distingeixen b\u00e9 els sons per consolidar el vocabulari i la comprensi\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Per\u00f2 com afecta aquest soroll els infants va m\u00e9s enll\u00e0 del seu aprenentatge, com ha demostrat l’estudi europeu. En quin sentit est\u00e0 afectant el comportament de xiquets i xiquetes? No estem parlant que siguen uns \u201cmaleducats\u201d. Es tracta de la resposta del cos en un ambient hostil. Un entorn soroll\u00f3s genera inquietud, dificultat per estar quiet, i mant\u00e9 al cos en un estat d\u2019alerta constant, que fa m\u00e9s complicat seguir normes o concentrar-se. S\u2019ha de tindre clar que la xiqueta o el xiquet no s\u00f3n el problema, \u00e9s l\u2019ambient, \u00e9s l\u2019entorn i la resposta natural del cos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De fet, hi ha difer\u00e8ncies entre el que passa a les ciutats i als entorns rurals. A les ciutats, segons l’Informe SICA o de Poblaci\u00f3 Exposada<\/a>, entre 40 % i 60 % dels centres educatius estan prop de carreteres, vies de tren o rutes d\u2019avions. Aules amb finestres tancades tot el dia, mestres que han d\u2019al\u00e7ar la veu, xiquets i xiquetes que es distreuen amb cada cami\u00f3 o moto i patis envoltats de soroll de tr\u00e0nsit formen part del dia a dia. En els pobles menuts o zones menys transitades l\u2019exposici\u00f3 \u00e9s menor. Hi ha m\u00e9s espais de calma i l\u2019impacte global \u00e9s m\u00e9s baix.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Centres escolars: on est\u00e0 el l\u00edmit de decibels?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

L’Organitzaci\u00f3 Mundial de la Salut (OMS) comen\u00e7a a considerar ja als anys 80 que el soroll \u00e9s un factor de risc per a la salut, sobretot per a poblaci\u00f3 vulnerable. En la seua primera guia sobre el soroll comunitari<\/a> ja deixava clar que les xiquetes i els xiquets s\u00f3n un grup especialment vulnerable al soroll i que pot afectar la comprensi\u00f3 de la parla, l\u2019aprenentatge i el rendiment escolar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c9s a partir dels 90 quan l\u2019OMS realitza estudis en entorns escolars situats prop d\u2019aeroports i grans infraestructures de transports i troba la primera evid\u00e8ncia: els xiquets i xiquetes que estudien en entorns sorollosos aprenen m\u00e9s lentament<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u00e9s avant, estudis finan\u00e7ats per la UE demostren que a major dosi de soroll pitjor lectura. A m\u00e9s, es demostra que afecta el benestar psicol\u00f2gic<\/a> de les xiquetes i els xiquets. Estem parlant de p\u00e8rdua d\u2019atenci\u00f3, de falta de comprensi\u00f3 i de problemes en la conducta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En alguns casos es parla de 85 dB(A) de soroll en centres escolars. L’OMS qualifica de perill\u00f3s aquest valor. Tant que en un lloc de treball, per protecci\u00f3 de la salut dels treballadors i treballadores, haurien de portar protectors auditius. Ara, podr\u00edem imaginar els nostres xiquets i xiquetes en classe amb eixos protectors per la seua salut?<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

Quines coses es podrien fer<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u2019informe de l\u2019EEA tamb\u00e9 planteja accions a fer, ja que aquest problema, a difer\u00e8ncia d\u2019altres, s\u00ed que \u00e9s evitable. Es poden prendre mesures a l\u2019entorn: reduir la velocitat del tr\u00e0nsit prop d\u2019escoles, col\u00b7locar pantalles ac\u00fastiques o vegetaci\u00f3, millorar l\u2019asfalt o allunyar les rutes de pas intens de vehicles dels centres educatius.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Altra opci\u00f3 s\u00f3n millores als col\u00b7legis: augmentar l\u2019a\u00efllament ac\u00fastic, reubicar aules m\u00e9s sensibles, protegir els patis escolars o introduir criteris ac\u00fastics en reformes i noves escoles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tamb\u00e9 les associacions com les AMPA s\u00f3n clau. Les fam\u00edlies han de posar el problema sobre la taula i deixar clar que est\u00e0 en joc la salut i l\u2019educaci\u00f3 de les nostres filles i els nostres fills.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La conscienciaci\u00f3 tamb\u00e9 \u00e9s important. De fet, des de la Sociedad Espa\u00f1ola de Ac\u00fastica (SEA)<\/a> es fa una campanya al voltant del Dia Internacional de Conscienciaci\u00f3 sobre el Soroll, que enguany \u00e9s el 29 d\u2019abril. El lema Viu sense soroll, viu millor parla<\/em> de protegir els xiquets i les xiquetes, el seu aprenentatge, el seu benestar emocional i les seues oportunitats de futur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En el meu cas, jo fa temps que tinc clar que \u201csoc de poble\u201d i sent les oronetes i pardals piular quan porte els xiquets al cole.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Article publicat en The Conversation<\/em>: https:\/\/theconversation.com\/no-puc-mes-amb-tant-de-soroll-un-enemic-invisible-per-a-xiquets-i-xiquetes-280280<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

Autor:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jes\u00fas Alba Fern\u00e1ndez<\/a>, professor i investigador del Campus de Gandia de la Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

L’alimentaci\u00f3 saludable, la roba adequada, el control de l\u2019\u00fas de les tecnologies, la protecci\u00f3 davant de l’agressi\u00f3 solar. Les mares i els pares sempre estem … Llegir m\u00e9s<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":19,"featured_media":26292,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[248],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-26304","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-divulgacio","resize-featured-image"],"yoast_head":"\nNo puc m\u00e9s amb tant de soroll! 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