{"id":21180,"date":"2025-06-18T08:00:17","date_gmt":"2025-06-18T06:00:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cienciagandia.webs.upv.es\/?p=21180"},"modified":"2025-06-17T10:36:32","modified_gmt":"2025-06-17T08:36:32","slug":"estudi-reduir-amenaces-megafauna-marina","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cienciagandia.webs.upv.es\/ca\/2025\/06\/estudi-reduir-amenaces-megafauna-marina\/","title":{"rendered":"Estudi per a reduir les amenaces a la megafauna marina"},"content":{"rendered":"

Un equip del Campus de Gandia de la Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia (UPV) ha participat en un estudi internacional que ha seguit els moviments de m\u00e9s de 100 esp\u00e8cies de grans animals marins, i ha identificat les zones m\u00e9s importants dels oceans del m\u00f3n per a millorar la seua conservaci\u00f3. Aquest projecte, coordinat per la Universitat Nacional d’Austr\u00e0lia, avalat per l’ONU i anomenat MegaMove, reuneix a quasi 400 cient\u00edfics de m\u00e9s de 50 pa\u00efsos i conclou on seria m\u00e9s efica\u00e7 implementar mesures de protecci\u00f3 per a conservar esp\u00e8cies com taurons, balenes, tortugues i foques, la qual cosa es coneix com a megafauna marina, entre altres. El treball ha sigut publicat en Science<\/a><\/u><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"Ejemplar
Exemplar de tortuga estudiada al Mediterrani. Foto: Miquel Gomila<\/span><\/em><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Actualment, les \u00e0rees marines protegides cobreixen nom\u00e9s un 8% dels oceans del m\u00f3n, encara que el Tractat d’Altamar de l’ONU cerca ampliar aquesta xifra al 30%. L’estudi confirma que els objectius d’aquest tractat \u2014ja signat per 115 pa\u00efsos per\u00f2 encara pendent de ratificaci\u00f3\u2014 s\u00f3n un pas important per a ajudar a la conservaci\u00f3. No obstant aix\u00f2, assenyala que aquest objectiu \u00e9s insuficient per a abastar totes les zones cr\u00edtiques que usen les esp\u00e8cies marines amena\u00e7ades, per la qual cosa es necessiten mesures addicionals per a reduir les amenaces que enfronten.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Resumen Rapido_Espanol<\/a><\/p>\n

Reduir la pressi\u00f3 humana sobre aquestes esp\u00e8cies<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Entre les esp\u00e8cies marines m\u00e9s emblem\u00e0tiques \u2014conegudes com a megafauna marina\u2014 es troben taurons, balenes, tortugues i foques. S\u00f3n, en la seua majoria, depredadors clau en les cadenes aliment\u00e0ries marines, per\u00f2 cada vegada estan m\u00e9s amena\u00e7ades per l’activitat humana. L’ec\u00f3loga marina i autora principal de l’estudi, la professora associada Ana Sequeira de la Australian National Oniversity, explica que l’objectiu del treball era identificar les zones que usen aquests animals per a comportaments essencials com alimentar-se, descansar o migrar. Per a aix\u00f2, han analitzat els seus patrons de moviment.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"imagen<\/p>\n

\u201cDescobrim que les \u00e0rees que utilitzen aquests animals coincideixen en gran manera amb amenaces com la pesca, el transport mar\u00edtim, l’augment de les temperatures i la contaminaci\u00f3 per pl\u00e0stics. L’objectiu de protegir un 30% dels oceans \u00e9s important, per\u00f2 no \u00e9s suficient per a protegir totes les zones clau. Per aix\u00f2 necessitem estrat\u00e8gies addicionals per a reduir les pressions que pateixen aquests animals m\u00e9s enll\u00e0 de les \u00e0rees que es protegiran. La nostra investigaci\u00f3 mostra que, a m\u00e9s de les \u00e0rees protegides, ser\u00e0 clau implementar mesures com la modificaci\u00f3 de les arts de pesca, canviar la il\u00b7luminaci\u00f3 de les xarxes o establir rutes mar\u00edtimes alternatives per a reduir la pressi\u00f3 humana sobre aquestes esp\u00e8cies\u201d, assenyala Ana Siqueira.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"Foto:
Foto: Sebastian Staines<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

L’estudi tamb\u00e9 est\u00e0 alineat amb els Objectius de Desenvolupament Sostenible de l’ONU, en particular amb l’Objectiu 14 sobre la vida submarina, i amb l’Objectiu A del Marc Mundial de Biodiversitat de Kunming-Mont-real, que cerca frenar l’extinci\u00f3 causada per l’\u00e9sser hum\u00e0 d’esp\u00e8cies amena\u00e7ades.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

En aquest sentit, Jorge Rodr\u00edguez, coautor de l’estudi i investigador de l’Institut de F\u00edsica Interdisciplin\u00e0ria i Sistemes Complexos, afig: \u201cHem identificat les principals zones a prioritzar per a aconseguir el 30% de protecci\u00f3, classificant-les segons l’\u00fas que en fan les esp\u00e8cies de megafauna marina. La nostra an\u00e0lisi revela en quines parts dels oceans aquestes esp\u00e8cies tenen les seues \u00e0rees de resid\u00e8ncia o els seus corredors migratoris. Hem prioritzat aquelles zones que s\u00f3n m\u00e9s importants per a m\u00e9s esp\u00e8cies\u201d, va afegir.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cPer\u00f2 la conclusi\u00f3 \u00e9s que, encara que es protegira aqueix 30% dels oceans, seguiria sense ser suficient per a conservar-les\u201d, va subratllar la professora Sequeira.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Des del Campus de Gandia, seguiment satel\u00b7litari de la tortuga babaua<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Per part de la UPV, l’equip coordinat per Eduardo Belda<\/a><\/u><\/span>, ha treballat en el seguiment satel\u00b7litari de tortuga babaua al Mediterrani, realitzant el marcat de les tortugues marines, recopilaci\u00f3 de dades i el seu tractament. Els animals marins s\u00f3n m\u00e9s dif\u00edcils d’estudiar que els terrestres, el seguiment satel\u00b7litari permet obtenir informaci\u00f3 detallada i actualitzada del seu comportament, h\u00e0bitat, distribuci\u00f3 i rutes migrat\u00f2ries, aix\u00ed com de les amenaces potencials amb les quals es poden trobar en el seu viatge per la mar.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"Eduardo<\/p>\nhttps:\/\/cienciagandia.webs.upv.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/WhatsApp-Ptt-2025-06-11-at-15.41.12.ogg<\/a><\/audio>\n

\n

Refer\u00e8ncia<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Ana M. M. Sequeira et al. ,Global tracking of marine megafauna space use reveals how to achieve conservation targets.Science388,1086-1097(2025).<\/span>DOI:10.1126\/science.adl0239 <\/span><\/a><\/u><\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Un equip del Campus de Gandia de la Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia (UPV) ha participat en un estudi internacional que ha seguit els moviments de … Llegir m\u00e9s<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":21171,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[246],"tags":[706],"class_list":["post-21180","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ambientals","tag-destacat-ca","resize-featured-image"],"yoast_head":"\nEstudi per a reduir les amenaces a la megafauna marina - Campus de Gandia Ciencia - UPV Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Un equip del Campus de Gandia de la UPV ha participat en un estudi internacional que ha seguit els moviments de la megafauna marina.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, 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