{"id":16400,"date":"2022-09-13T20:31:50","date_gmt":"2022-09-13T18:31:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cienciagandia.webs.upv.es\/?p=16400"},"modified":"2022-09-14T09:30:47","modified_gmt":"2022-09-14T07:30:47","slug":"hologrames-acustics-en-3d-per-al-tractament-de-malalties-del-sistema-nervios","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cienciagandia.webs.upv.es\/ca\/2022\/09\/hologrames-acustics-en-3d-per-al-tractament-de-malalties-del-sistema-nervios\/","title":{"rendered":"Hologrames ac\u00fastics en 3D per al tractament de malalties del sistema nervi\u00f3s"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Un equip de la <a href=\"http:\/\/www.upv.es\/va\">Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia (UPV)<\/a>, el Consell Superior d&#8217;Investigacions Cient\u00edfiques (CSIC) i la Universitat de Columbia (els EUA) ha creat hologrames ac\u00fastics impresos en 3D -i avaluat el seu potencial, en model animal- per a millorar el tractament de malalties com l&#8217;Alzheimer o el Parkinson, entre altres.<\/p>\n<p>El seu treball ha sigut portada de la revista IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-16377\" src=\"https:\/\/cienciagandia.webs.upv.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/hologramas-imagen-8.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"464\" height=\"608\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cienciagandia.webs.upv.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/hologramas-imagen-8.jpg 640w, https:\/\/cienciagandia.webs.upv.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/hologramas-imagen-8-191x250.jpg 191w, https:\/\/cienciagandia.webs.upv.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/hologramas-imagen-8-382x500.jpg 382w, https:\/\/cienciagandia.webs.upv.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/hologramas-imagen-8-115x150.jpg 115w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 464px) 100vw, 464px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Els hologrames ideats per l&#8217;equip d&#8217;investigadors de la UPV i el CSIC permeten obrir de manera selectiva, eficient i molt focalitzada la barrera hematoencef\u00e0lica, <strong>facilitant l&#8217;administraci\u00f3 de f\u00e0rmacs terap\u00e8utics<\/strong> per al tractament de patologies que afecten el sistema nervi\u00f3s central.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-16380\" src=\"https:\/\/cienciagandia.webs.upv.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/hologramas-imagen-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"358\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cienciagandia.webs.upv.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/hologramas-imagen-1.jpg 640w, https:\/\/cienciagandia.webs.upv.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/hologramas-imagen-1-447x250.jpg 447w, https:\/\/cienciagandia.webs.upv.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/hologramas-imagen-1-150x84.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Segons explica <a href=\"http:\/\/www.upv.es\/pls\/oalu\/sic_person.Info?p_alias=fracafe&amp;P_IDIOMA=v\">Francisco Camarena<\/a>, professor i investigador del Campus de Gandia, els ultrasons focalitzats tenen un gran potencial per al tractament <strong>de malalties neurol\u00f2giques<\/strong>, gr\u00e0cies a la seua capacitat per a generar efectes terap\u00e8utics de manera precisa i no invasiva. \u201cNo obstant aix\u00f2, aplicar-los sobre les estructures del sistema nervi\u00f3s central \u00e9s complicat, a causa de dos grans inconvenients: els efectes d&#8217;aberraci\u00f3 i atenuaci\u00f3 dels ossos del crani i la complexa i extensa distribuci\u00f3 espacial de les estructures profundes del cervell\u201d, apunta Camarena.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-16383\" src=\"https:\/\/cienciagandia.webs.upv.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/hologramas-imagen-6.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cienciagandia.webs.upv.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/hologramas-imagen-6.jpg 640w, https:\/\/cienciagandia.webs.upv.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/hologramas-imagen-6-375x250.jpg 375w, https:\/\/cienciagandia.webs.upv.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/hologramas-imagen-6-150x100.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Els hologrames ac\u00fastics ideats per personal investigador de la UPV i el CSIC permeten una <strong>obertura de la barrera hematoencef\u00e0lica m\u00e9s controlada<\/strong> que la que s&#8217;aconsegueix fent \u00fas dels ultrasons exclusivament i, cosa que \u00e9s m\u00e9s important, poden corregir aquelles aberracions introdu\u00efdes pel crani. Al mateix temps , poden generar un feix d&#8217;ultrasons multifocal en estructures cerebrals d&#8217;especial rellev\u00e0ncia.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-16386\" src=\"https:\/\/cienciagandia.webs.upv.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/hologramas-imagen-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"286\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cienciagandia.webs.upv.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/hologramas-imagen-2.jpg 640w, https:\/\/cienciagandia.webs.upv.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/hologramas-imagen-2-559x250.jpg 559w, https:\/\/cienciagandia.webs.upv.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/hologramas-imagen-2-150x67.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u201cGr\u00e0cies als nostres hologrames, el feix d&#8217;ultrasons es focalitza i adapta de manera bilateral i molt precisa sobre parts del cervell de gran inter\u00e8s terap\u00e8utic, com, per exemple, sobre els dos nuclis que componen l&#8217;hipocamp, relacionat amb la malaltia d&#8217;Alzheimer, i que t\u00e9 una capritxosa forma en tres dimensions\u201d, afig <a href=\"http:\/\/www.upv.es\/pls\/oalu\/sic_person.Info?p_alias=nojigon&amp;P_IDIOMA=v\">No\u00e8 Jim\u00e9nez<\/a>, investigador Ram\u00f3n y Cajal de la UPV.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-16389\" src=\"https:\/\/cienciagandia.webs.upv.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/hologramas-imagen-5.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cienciagandia.webs.upv.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/hologramas-imagen-5.jpg 640w, https:\/\/cienciagandia.webs.upv.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/hologramas-imagen-5-375x250.jpg 375w, https:\/\/cienciagandia.webs.upv.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/hologramas-imagen-5-150x100.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Es tracta de la primera vegada que s&#8217;aconsegueix l&#8217;obertura de la barrera hematoencef\u00e0lica de manera simult\u00e0nia en els dos hemisferis. A m\u00e9s, l&#8217;equip UPV-CSIC-Universitat de Columbia ho ha aconseguit amb una resoluci\u00f3 molt superior a l&#8217;est\u00e0ndard, la qual cosa permet una <strong>millor localitzaci\u00f3<\/strong> de la zona a tractar, minimitzant el volum de teixit cerebral sa que caldria sonificar i reduint al mateix temps el cost i temps d\u2019intervenci\u00f3.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"YouTube video player\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/TQo3ILO7mrU\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><strong>Com funciona?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>L&#8217;emissor d&#8217;ultrasons \u00e9s com un altaveu, per\u00f2 que vibra a mig mili\u00f3 d&#8217;oscil\u00b7lacions per segon. L&#8217;holograma es col\u00b7loca enfront d&#8217;ell i \u00e9s travessat per l&#8217;ona; al mateix temps, se situa un con ple d&#8217;aigua en contacte amb el crani, a trav\u00e9s del qual es propaga l&#8217;ona abans d&#8217;arribar al pacient; seguidament, l&#8217;ona travessa el crani, focalitzant finalment en la zona cerebral d&#8217;inter\u00e8s terap\u00e8utic. A m\u00e9s a m\u00e9s, en el torrent sanguini s&#8217;introdueixen unes microbambolles -agents de contrast- que, quan arriben als capil\u00b7lars del cervell i coincideixen amb l&#8217;ultras\u00f2, comencen a vibrar. El teixit epitelial de la barrera hematoencef\u00e0lica comen\u00e7a a cedir i \u00e9s llavors quan s&#8217;obrin \u201cxicotetes escletxes\u201d per on passen les mol\u00e8cules dels f\u00e0rmacs per al tractament de la patologia que afecta el sistema nervi\u00f3s central.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-16392\" src=\"https:\/\/cienciagandia.webs.upv.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/hologramas-imagen-4.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"357\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cienciagandia.webs.upv.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/hologramas-imagen-4.jpg 640w, https:\/\/cienciagandia.webs.upv.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/hologramas-imagen-4-448x250.jpg 448w, https:\/\/cienciagandia.webs.upv.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/hologramas-imagen-4-150x84.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>Hologrames personalitzats i de baix cost<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>L&#8217;holograma s&#8217;imprimeix, personalitzat per a cada cas, amb una impressora 3D. \u201cPer exemple: posem que el metge necessita sonificar l&#8217;am\u00edgdala d&#8217;un\/a pacient. Per a aix\u00f2, ens facilitaria un TAC i una resson\u00e0ncia magn\u00e8tica, sobre la qual identificaria i segmentaria la zona de tractament. A partir d&#8217;aquesta \u00a0informaci\u00f3, dissenyem l&#8217;holograma que necessitem per a aconseguir la sonificaci\u00f3 de la regi\u00f3 d\u2019inter\u00e8s\u201d, explica Sergio Jim\u00e9nez, estudiant del M\u00e0ster Universitari d&#8217;Enginyeria Ac\u00fastica, doctor per la UPV i actualment investigador postdoctoral en el grup de Columbia, qui destaca tamb\u00e9 el baix cost dels hologrames, que oscil\u00b7laria entre els 40 i els 300 euros segons l&#8217;aplicaci\u00f3 m\u00e8dica.<\/p>\n<p>En l&#8217;actualitat, l&#8217;equip d&#8217;investigadors de la UPV, el CSIC i la Universitat de Columbia treballa en la <strong>comprovaci\u00f3 d&#8217;aquesta nova tecnologia per a l&#8217;obertura de la barrera hematoencef\u00e0lica en macacos<\/strong>, i est\u00e0 dissenyant els <strong>primers protocols per a l&#8217;experimentaci\u00f3 en humans<\/strong>, per al tractament de tumors cerebrals i per a dur a terme estudis de neuroestimulaci\u00f3 cerebral.<\/p>\n<p>M\u00e9s informaci\u00f3:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/9548786\">S. Jim\u00e9nez-Gamb\u00edn, N. Jim\u00e9nez, A. N. Pouliopoulos, J. M. Benlloch, E. E. Konofagou and F. Camarena, &#8220;Acoustic Holograms for Bilateral Blood-Brain Barrier Opening in a Mouse Model,&#8221; in IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, vol. 69, no. 4, pp. 1359-1368, April 2022, doi: 10.1109\/TBME.2021.3115553.<\/a><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>Font: Luis Zurano Conches, \u00c0rea de Comunicaci\u00f3 UPV<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Un equip de la Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia (UPV), el Consell Superior d&#8217;Investigacions Cient\u00edfiques (CSIC) i la Universitat de Columbia (els EUA) ha creat hologrames &#8230; <a title=\"Hologrames ac\u00fastics en 3D per al tractament de malalties del sistema nervi\u00f3s\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/cienciagandia.webs.upv.es\/ca\/2022\/09\/hologrames-acustics-en-3d-per-al-tractament-de-malalties-del-sistema-nervios\/\" aria-label=\"Read more about Hologrames ac\u00fastics en 3D per al tractament de malalties del sistema nervi\u00f3s\">Llegir m\u00e9s<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":16374,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[252],"tags":[706],"class_list":["post-16400","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tecnologia","tag-destacat-ca","resize-featured-image"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Hologrames ac\u00fastics en 3D per al tractament de malalties del sistema nervi\u00f3s - Campus de Gandia Ciencia - UPV Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"La UPV, el CSIC i la Universitat de Columbiahan han creat hologrames ac\u00fastics impresos en 3D que permetran millorar el tractament d&#039;Alzheimer o el Parkinson.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, 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